Wilhelm eaydt



(No- Model.)

W. RAYDT.

APPARATUS FOR MAKING AERATED WATER. No. 358,165. Patented Feb; 2-2, 1887.

N. PETERS Pllalolilhogmphur. Washington. D. c.

UNITED STATES PATENT Orrin.

WILHELM RAYDT, OF HANOVER, PRUSSIA, GERMANY.

APPARATUS FOR MAKING AERAT'ED WATER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 358,165, dated February 22, 1887.

Applicationfiled June 15, 1885. Serial No.168f77-l. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern: Y

Be it known that I, WILHELM RAYDT, doctor of philosophy,a subject of the King of Prussia, residing at Hanover, Prussia, German Empire, have invented certain new and useful Im- Waters; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description'of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawing, and to letters or figures of reference marked thereon, which form a part of this specification.

This invention relates to apparatus for the production of artificial mineral waters or other effervescent liquids by impregnation with carbonic-acid gas obtained directly from fluid carbonic acid.

Artificial mineral waters-that is to say, such waters as contain, besides mineral substances or constituents, principally carbonic acidhave heretofore been charged with carbonicacid gas generated in suitable apparatus connected with the charging or impregnating vessel either at the place of consumption or at special establishments where such liquids are manufactured for charging the water with carbonic-acid gas and forcing the same from the vessel in which itis contained. The carbonicacid gas is usually obtained by the reaction of an acid upon carbonates or by heating bicarbonates. This mode of obtaining the gas is Very inconvenient in that it becomes necessary to charge the generator from time to time with a carbonate or with a bicarbonate, in which latter case it is necessary to apply heat to the generator. On the other hand, the gases must be kept under sufficient pressure before they can be admitted to the water to be charged or impregnated therewith. By means of the described mode of obtaining the carbonic-acid gas it is extremely difficult, if not impossible,to obtain a gas free from atmospheric air and chemically pure, so that the water charged frequently contains substances or elements that are deleterious to health, and in view of the air combined with the gas the impregnation of the liquid is necessarily incomplete, and such water will give up most of its carbonic acid if the vessel or bottle containing thev same remains open ashort while. Finally, the manufacture of the artificial mineral or other water by the processes described, and the apparatus required therefor, are costly and complicated, and their management requires experienced as well as skilled operators. provements in Apparatus for Making Aerated The object of this invention is to provide means whereby the described inconveniences are avoided, and wherebythe process of manufacture is not only simplified, so as to come within the reach of ordinary mechanics, but whereby the cost of manufacture is materially reduced.

The further object of thisinventionis to provide means whereby liquids may be impregnated with, I may say, absolutely chemicallypure carbonic-acid gas. Thelatter result Iobtain by the use of liquid carbonic acid instead of generating the gas from the chemicals above mentioned or other chemicals, as usual; and q the invention consists in the construction of the apparatus and the combination of its several parts, substantially as hereinafter fully described, and as shown in the accompanying drawing, in which I have illustrated my improved apparatus by a vertical sectional elevation.

The apparatus is composed of a flask, A, that contains liquid carbonic acid, a gasholder, B, a charging-vessel, O, and a pump, D.

The flask A is a cylindrical vessel of sufficient strength, in the head of which is screwed a valve-casing, a, containing a needle or conical valve, 1), the stem b of which is screwedin a stuffing-box; a, and projects through the gland or cap a thereof, the outer end of said spindle being squared for the application of a key-for rotating the same to open or close the passage d of the valve-casing C6. The passage (1 of valve-casing a communicates with a charm her, '0, formed in said casing, in which is arranged a packing-gland, a", through which the Valve-spindle 1) passes.

The valve-casing a has a branch, 6, that communicates with the chamber 0, and to said branch is connected one end of a pipe, f, the other end of which is connected to a branch, 9, of the valve-casing G, secured to the upper end of the gas-holder B. The valve casing G is provided at its upper end with a weighted safety-valve, Z, that closes the passage which extends through the valvecasing, and 7c is the weight of the valve Z. The valve-casing G has a second branch, 9", in which is arranged a screw-valve, 71, adapted to cut off the communication between the flask A and bolder B. To a third branch, of the valve-casing is secured a manometer, n, for obvious purposes, and to a fourth branch, 9, provided with a valve or stop-cock, 1-, is connected one end of a pipe, 8, the opposite end of which is connect-ed with the impregnating or charging vessel or cylinder 0. The latter cylinder is also provided with a manometer or pressure gage, w, a blow-off cock, a a discharge-pipe, 'v, and stirrers or beaters c c, mounted on a shaft, E, adapted to be rotated either by power derived from any suitable prime motor or by means of the crank F. The cylinder 0 is also connected, by means of a pipe, 14, provided with a valve, m, with a suction and compressing pump, D.

The pipe 8] at its junction with the vessel 0 is provided with a valve or stop-cock, t, for purposes presently explained.

The operation of the apparatus is as follows: The liquid to be charged with carbouicaeid gas is pumped by pump D into the vessel 0 until the latter is about two-thirds full, (more or less,) when the cut-off cock on is closed. The valves 1/ h are now opened, to allow the carbonic acid in flask A to expand and pass, in the form of carbonic-acid gas, to the holder 0 until the manometer it indicates a pressure of from four to five atmospheres, which will take place very rapidly, as the tension of the fluid carbonic acid is about forty atmospheres, which tension or pressure is diminished as the acid in flask Avolatilizes. The valves band h are then closed, and those, r t, in pipe 3 opened to allow the gas to flow from holder 13 into the impregnating or charging cylinder 0. In order to remove the air from cylinder 0, as well as the air that may be combined with the liquid to be charged with carbonicacid gas, the said liquid is agitated by rotating the shaft E, and charged with carbonicaeid gas under a pressure of about two atmospheres. One or both stop-cocks or valves 1' t is or are then closed, and the blow-off cock an opened to allow the air and a portion of the carbonic-acid gas to escape from cylinder 0, after which the blow-off cock is closed and carbonic-acid gas again admitted to cylinder 0 by opening cocks or valves 0' t, or either of them, as the case may be. The heaters are set in operation, and the process of charging or impregnating is continued until the manometer n indicates an invariable pressure in the cylinder 0, which will take place after the lapse of a few minutes, when the liquid will besaturated with carbonic-acid gas, and may then be drawn off through pipe 1; to any suitable bottling apparatus, or into vessels for storing such charged liquid.

The pressure in cylinder 0 during the discharge or bottling of the contents thereof will be materially reduced, and to avoid this I allow carbonic-acid gas to flow into the cylinder to prevent any material reduction of the pressure therein. After theliquid in vessel G It will be understood that the relative arrangement of the various parts that constitute the apparatus may differ from that shown in the drawing without departing from the nature of the invention.

l Instead of valves, stop-cocks may be employed, and the manometer a may be connected with the holder 13 directly, instead of connecting the same indirectly therewith through the valve-casing, and the safety-valve may be interposed in the connection at any suitable point.

In my improved apparatus the generator for the carbonic acid is dispensed with, which is a great advantage over the apparatus of this class heretofore used. The fluid acid being manufactured or produced in special establishments, and on a large scale, may therefore not only be obtained in a chemically-pure state, but also at a greatly reduced cost, and such acid does not contain any appreciable volume of atmospheric air, since the pressure of the latter in appreciable volume would not admit of a fluid condition of the acid. When the flask A is empty, it can be readily disconnected from the pipef and a filled flask substituted therefor.

The use of carbonic acid free from atmospheric air and chemically pure in itself insures a more healthy and better product than is the case where the gas is generated from chemicals or substances capable of giving off carbonic-acid gas by the reaction of an acid, and offers the further advantage that a quantity of the fluid acid capable of evolving large volumes of gases may be stored in a comparatively small space, since one liter of fluid carbonic acid produces four hundred and fifty liters of carbonic-acid gas. The conversion of the fluid acid into gas also results in an absorption of heat-that is to say, in a considerable reduction of the temperature of the liquid charged therewith, which facilitates the impregnation or charging of the said liquid, while in all the methods heretofore in use heat is developed in the process of generating the gas, which renders the impregnation or charging of the liquid difficult.

\Vhat I claim is- 1. An apparatus for charging liquids with carbonic-acid gas, consisting ofa flask, A, containing liquid carbonic acid, and a gas-holder connected with the flask A, for storing the gases evolved by expansion of the liquid carbonic acid in said flask, and a valve interposed in said connection, in combination with a receiver for receiving the liquid to be charged,

l ft a a pipe connecting the receiver with the gasvalvein the connection between the gas-holder holder, and a valve interposed in said connecand flask interposed between the cut-off valve tion, substantially as and for the purpose speciand said flask, substantially as and for the purfied. pose specified.

5 2. The combination, substantially as herein In testimony whereof I affix my signature in 15 described, with the flask A, containing liquid presence of two witnesses.

carbonic acid, the gas holder B, and receiver WILHELM RAYDT. .0, connected thereto, of a cut-ofi valve inter- Witnesses: posed in each of the connections between the WILLIAMS 0. Fox,

10 gas-holder, the flask, and receiver, and a safety- J OHs. KRAOKE. 

